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Outcomes Study: Identifying Determinants of Medication Persistence in Rheumatoid Arthritis Using Machine Learning and Regression Analysis

By CPS Outcome Studies

Members of our team had the opportunity to present a new poster abstract at AAPP 2026, which was held from April 19-22, 2026. 

Authors

Anoop P. Kotian, PharmD; Taylor K. Haddock, PharmD, BCPP; Courtney A. Iuppa, PharmD, BCPP; Carrie R. Kris, MS; Dayton L. Antley, PharmD, BCPS, BCPP; Timothy Dellenbaigh, MD; Rhiannon Adams, PsyD

Background

  • Competency to stand trial (CST) requires that defendants possess both a factual and rational understanding of legal proceedings, with the ability to assist counsel in their defense, as established in Duskey v. United States.1,2

  • Defendants found incompetent to stand trial (IST) are commonly admitted to forensic psychiatric hospitals for psychiatric treatment and competency-focused education aimed to restore competency within a realistic timeframe.1,3

  • Although about 80% of defendants admitted IST are restored to competency within 90 to 120 days, symptoms of severe psychosis or cognitive impairment may reduce or prolong the overall time to competency restoration.4

  • Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), defined as nonresponse to at least two adequate trials of two different antipsychotics, further complicates management.5

  • Limited data exists on the impact different antipsychotic treatment strategies have on time to competency restoration, particularly in TRS patients in forensic psychiatric settings.6

  • Clozapine remains the only antispsychotic approved for TRS, however, 40% of patients who start clozapine fail therapy due to intolerance or non-response.7

  • Alternative strategies, such as dual-antipsychotic therapy or clozapine augmentation, may be used in clozapine-resistant cases, though supporting evidence for these strategies is inconsistent.8,9

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of antipsychotic treatment strategies on competency restoration in patients identified to have TRS.

SOURCES
  1. 1
    Advokat CD, Guidry D, Burnett DMR, et al. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2021;40:89-97.
  2. 2
    Dusky v United States, 362 US 402 (1960).
  3. 3
    Jackson v Indiana, 406 US 715 (1972).
  4. 4
    Danzer GS, Wheeler EMA, Alexander AA, et al. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2019;47(1):1-14.
  5. 5
    Kane JM, Agid O, Baldwin ML, et al. J Clin Psychiatry. 2019;80:18com12123.
  6. 6
    Lemons A, Iuppa C, Kriz C, et al. Ment Health Clin. 2022;12(3):175-180.
  7. 7
    Siskind D, McCartney L, Goldschalger R, et al. J Clin Psychiatry. 2017;78:e265-e271.
  8. 8
    Bartoli F, Crocamo C, Di Brita C, et al. J Psychiatr Res. 2019;108:24-33.
  9. 9
    Verma S, Agarwhal V, Davar D, et al. Front Pharmacol. 2023;14:112112.
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